Samarkand (Uzbekistan) (AFP) – The leaders of Russia, China and India gather with counterparts from elsewhere in Asia for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. The SCO — made up of China, India, Pakistan, Russia and the ex-Soviet Central Asian nations of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan — was set up in 2001 as a political, economic and security organisation to rival Western institutions.